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    • List of Articles Development.

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Analysis of crisis theory in the process of political development based on Lucien Pie theory
        Maasoud Akhavan Kazemi Omid Shokraneh Arzanaghi
        The issue of crisis and political development is one of the main concerns of human society that are mutually related. Political development, according to its importance and function, is related to various fields and issues such as economy, national security, culture, le More
        The issue of crisis and political development is one of the main concerns of human society that are mutually related. Political development, according to its importance and function, is related to various fields and issues such as economy, national security, culture, legitimacy, globalization and other issues, each of which can provide problems for a government. In fact, the discussion of political development and the need to resolve the crises in its path is one of the topics that has occupied the minds of government men and scholars of social and political sciences. Among these theorists is Lucien Pie, who discusses the five crises in the political development of societies, which is also the basis of the present study. The present study seeks to find out how the five crises over political development have arisen and the achievement of this process face challenges. The research method is descriptive-analytical and causal research. The method of data collection in this research is library and documentary. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Redefinition the Contextual Urban Competitiveness Potentials in Cities and Regions Development
        Asghar  Molaei
        Asghar molaei Abstract Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainabl More
        Asghar molaei Abstract Contexts as valuable domestic elements and factors can have a high role in redefinition urban competitiveness. Studying in identical contexts, especially in the natural, cultural, social, and economic dimensions, will advance the sustainable competitive advantage, can be create the desirable economy future. The purpose of this research is to definition the role of identical contexts in urban competition and how to create competitive advantage in the context of an analytical and documentary research with an underlying strategy. Contextual competitive advantages can be defined in the natural, geographical, historical, physical, cultural, social, economic, and scientific and sports contexts. Contexts are a set of intrinsic and inseparable elements of phenomena, the emergence of their identity. The contexts of cities and regions are a constructive dimension of spatial, temporal, cultural, social, and other existing components. These areas represent the dynamic identity of cities and regions over time and space and are characterized by their differentiation. Identifying and focusing and emphasizing the value of identity of cities and regions in terms of capability and sustainability can help to improve their compatibility. In other words, the field of growth, progress and competitiveness of the power of cities and regions. The most important strategies presented are: development of religious tourism infrastructure; branding and development of historical, cultural, social, sporting, natural and environmental tourism infrastructure. Manuscript profile